CoffeeLoader Malware: Hiding in Your GPU

CoffeeLoader, malicious downloads, malware, Ophtek, PC Security, security practices, Suspicious links, Updates, , , ,
06
May 2025

A new malware named CoffeeLoader exploits computer GPUs to escape security measures, posing a major threat to PC users.

Cybercriminals are constantly enhancing their tactics and looking for new strategies, and the latest threat is CoffeeLoader – a slice of malware which takes an innovative approach to hiding from security tools. Typically, malware runs on the central processing unit (CPU) of a PC, but CoffeeLoader throws a curveball by executing on the graphics processing unit (GPU). Most security software ignores GPU activity, so CoffeeLoader is able to operate silently in the background.

All malware is a nightmare, but malware which can only be described as ingenious is even worse. That’s why Ophtek’s going to give you a quick run through on what’s happened and how you can keep your PCs safe.

Brewing Trouble: The Tactics of CoffeeLoader

The exact mechanics of how CoffeeLoader infects a system has not, as of yet, been revealed. However, as with most malware, it’s likely that CoffeeLoader is used in conjunction with phishing emails and malicious websites. What is known about CoffeeLoader is its unique approach to protecting itself.

One of CoffeeLoader’s key tactics is to integrate ‘call stack spoofing’ into its attack. Security tools usually track how programs execute by monitoring their call stacks. But what, you may ask, is a call stack? Well, to keep it simple, we’ll describe it as a log of commands showing the program’s activity flow. However, this is where CoffeeLoader’s deceptive streak starts. By distorting its stack, it appears as though it’s running legitimate processes. This allows it to blend in with your usual system activity, avoiding detection with ease.

To strengthen its stealth credentials, CoffeeLoader also employs sleep obfuscation. This is a technique used by threat actors to evade detection by inserting artificial delays or sleep functions into its code. This allows the malware to appear inactive or dormant, a technique which enables it to escape detection by behavioral analysis tools.

Finally, CoffeeLoader exploits Windows fibers – these are lightweight execution threads commonly used by genuine, harmless applications. Manipulating these fibers allows the malware to switch execution paths mid-attack, which makes it more unpredictable and difficult for security programs to trace.

Combined, these three techniques underline the dangerous threat contained within CoffeeLoader. From running on a PC’s GPU and using multiple processes to conceal itself, CoffeeLoader can evade detection and exploit an infected system to its heart’s content.

How Can You Avoid Being Burnt by CoffeeLoader?

As cyber threats become more advanced through attacks such as CoffeeLoader, it’s crucial that PC users adopt these best practices to stay safe and protect their systems:

  • Keep Your Software Updated: one of the simplest ways to protect your IT infrastructure is by ensuring that your applications are kept up-to-date and secure. This can easily be achieved by always downloading the latest software patches and updates as soon as they’re available. Hackers thrive upon outdated software and the associated vulnerabilities, so it’s paramount that you prevent this.
  • Use Advanced Security Tools: Basic anti-malware software is fine for your average PC user, but businesses often need something a little more robust. Advanced security suites offer behavior-based detection that can analyze and recognize unusual activity.
  • Be Careful with Downloads and Links: The internet is full of dangers and hazards, so you should avoid downloading anything from untrusted websites or clicking on links in suspicious emails. The best way forwards with downloads and links is to only trust them if they’re from genuine, legitimate websites – this prevents you from downloading malware.

For more ways to secure and optimize your business technology, contact your local IT professionals.

Read More

Fake File Converter Websites are Pushing Malware

Cobalt Strike, DocuFix, file converters, Gootloader, malware, Ophtek, PDFixers, security software, trusted sites, , , , , , , ,
22
Apr 2025

The FBI has warned that fake online file converters are spreading malware, potentially leading to data theft, financial loss, and ransomware attacks.

Cybercriminals are creating fake file conversion websites which appear to offer free tools for converting documents, images, and other file types. Many people use these types of file converters to convert a PDF to a Word document, extract audio from video files, or change an image file to a more suitable format. However, instead of just providing a conversion service, these malicious websites are also infecting users’ PCs with malware.

This attack is especially dangerous as PC users regularly access file conversion websites, but they don’t realize that these sites could be dangerous. Once a visitor has their converted file, they assume all is well. Unfortunately, behind the scenes, much more is going on.

Converting Your Files into Malware

The fake file converter websites often appear in search engine results or through online ads, making them appear safe and legitimate. Some of the most recent ones to have been identified as being at risk include DocuFix and PDFixers. When a user visits one of these sites, they’re typically instructed to upload the file they want to convert. Once the file is uploaded, the website provides a download link for the “converted” file.

However, this file is not what it seems. Although the downloaded file may be a correctly converted file, it will also have malware hidden in it. As well as containing malware, these fake websites will also analyze files uploaded by users for sensitive data e.g. if someone has uploaded a PDF file containing financial information, the threat actors behind the website will be able to harvest this. In many cases, a correctly converted file isn’t even included in the available download, with malware such as Gootloader and Cobalt Strike being the only files on offer.

The impact of this malware can be catastrophic. Running quietly in the background, it can capture personal data, launch ransomware attacks, or even take control of the PC. Accordingly, all PC users need to tread carefully online.

Staying Safe from the Threat of Fake Converters

File converter websites are incredibly useful, but only when they’re the real deal and do exactly what they claim. However, as most internet users accessing these sites are busy working on something, they don’t always pay attention to the site they’re visiting. And this is where cybercriminals have an opportunity to exploit this trust. Therefore, it’s crucial that you understand these best practices for staying safe:

  • Only Use Trusted Sites: Never use a file converter website that you haven’t thoroughly researched. Always conduct a quick Google search for reviews of the website and carefully read the most recent comments. Even if you’re a regular user of a particular converter website, always double check that the URL is correct – many threat actors mimic official websites by changing a letter or two in order to appear genuine.
  • Be Cautious When Downloading: Always scan any downloaded files from the internet with your security software. These security tools are regularly updated to identify all new strains of malware and can stop you executing any malicious files. Additionally, if a file converter asks you to install further tools to convert your files, you should immediately stop.

For more ways to secure and optimize your business technology, contact your local IT professionals.

Read More

Google Ads Used to Push Fake Google Chrome Installer

google ads, Google Chrome, malware, Ophtek, SecTopRat, security software, security_updates, , , , , ,
25
Mar 2025

Cybercriminals are exploiting Google Ads to distribute malware disguised as a genuine Google Chrome installer, tricking users into downloading the malware.

Threat actors are always innovative, and this recent attack underlines exactly why you need to be on your guard when online. Attackers have been purchasing ads which appear when PC users search for popular software downloads e.g. Google Chrome. Unfortunately, the ads which are served up lead to dangerous websites which closely resemble official download pages. This deception tricks users into downloading and installing malware.

As we spend a high proportion of our work time online, we’re going to dig deep into this attack to see what we can learn.

How Can Google Ads Compromise Your PC?

In this attack, users searching with terms such as “download Google Chrome” might find themselves confronted with a sponsored ad at the top of their search results. This ad can, at first, appear genuine, often having a URL which includes “sites.google.com” – a Google platform used to build free websites. Accordingly, users feel confident that these pages are official and trustworthy, especially when they look very similar to official download sites.

Once a user clicks the ad, they’re redirected to a malicious page which is a highly convincing imitation of the official Google Chrome download site. This page urges users to download a file named “GoogleChrome.exe” and, so far, everything appears as you would expect. With nothing unusual to suspect, users make the decision to trust the page, download the file, and then launch it.

However, once executed, the installer begins to act suspiciously. Firstly, it connects to a remote server to retrieve additional instructions. Secondly, it requests that they user grants it administrative privileges to assist in completing the download. At this point, alarm bells should start ringing, but most users still feel as though the software can be trusted. Once administrative privileges are granted, the installer executes a PowerShell command which prevents Windows Defender from scanning the malware’s location, enabling it to operate quietly in the background.

A further file is then downloaded to the BackupWin directory and, masquerading under the name of a genuine piece of software, opens up a communication channel with the threat actors’ remote server. The malware used is SecTopRAT, a Remote Access Trojan which allows the attackers to take remote control of the infected system and steal sensitive data such as capturing keystrokes, accessing files, and recording user activities.

Protecting Against the SecTopRAT Threat

Your employees are busy with their daily tasks and, therefore, it’s easy for them to have a lapse of judgement and quickly click on something they believe to be genuine. However, this can be disastrous for your IT infrastructure, so it’s crucial that your staff are mindful of the following:

  • Be Cautious of Sponsored Ads: Just because an ad is that the top of the search results, this doesn’t mean it can be trusted. This is why it’s important to always verify the authenticity of a URL before clicking it. Check for any unusual spellings or, to be fully safe, navigate directly to the official website for that software.
  • Only Download from Official Sources: The best approach is to always head straight to the developers website rather than trusting other online sources. Aside from sponsored ads, it’s critical that your team avoids downloading via links in emails or through torrent sites – both of these sources often lead to nothing but malware.
  • Keep Your Security Software Updates: One of the simplest ways to thwart attackers is to make sure your security software is up to date. This software regularly scans your system for threats, but it needs to be updated as soon as possible to detect the latest threats.

For more ways to secure and optimize your business technology, contact your local IT professionals.

Read More

Malicious Code Found Embedded in Steam Downloads

anti-malware_software, malware, Ophtek, PirateFi, security, Steam, vidar, , , , ,
18
Mar 2025

A malicious game on Steam called PirateFi was found to contain malware which steals personal information, highlighting the risks of unverified downloads.

A recent attack involving a game on Steam has highlighted the importance of vigilance when downloading software. The game, called PirateFi, was available to download on Steam – an online platform for buying and playing games – but contained malware designed to steal personal data from players’ computers.

Pirates Strike Gold on Infected Systems

PirateFi – which was a free to play game – was developed by Seaworth Interactive and available on Steam from February 6th to February 12th, 2025. Promising an engaging and challenging survival experience, setting players objectives such as base building, food gathering, and making weapons, PirateFi was downloaded by around 1500 players and generated numerous positive reviews.

However, it was soon discovered that PirateFi was not simply a game meant to excite players and take their minds off the real world. Reports soon emerged that the game contained malware known as Vidar, a data-stealing program. Vidar is designed to harvest sensitive data from infected computers, so this could easily include passwords, financial information, and personal documents. Rather than Vidar being bundled with PirateFi as bloatware, Vidar was embedded within the game’s files, allowing it to be launched when the game was started.

Valve, the company behind Steam, quickly removed PirateFi from their platform on February 12th, when the threat was identified. They were also swift in issuing security notifications to those who had downloaded the game. Valve’s advice was, for those who had downloaded PirateFi, to run a full system scan using up-to-date antimalware software to detect and remove any dangerous files. Alternatively, Valve suggested that those at risk fully reinstalled their operation system to ensure Vidar was completely removed.

Staying Safe from Dangerous Downloads

This attack underlines the ingenuity and evolving tactics of threat actors, who are increasingly targeting popular platforms like Steam and GitHub to distribute their malware.

By disguising their malware as legitimate tools on these platforms, the threat actors are exploiting the trust users place in these websites. For a threat actor, this is fantastic as it opens up their attack to a huge audience. However, for a user it’s highly frustrating and dangerous. Accordingly, you need to practice the following to remain safe:

  • Be Cautious with Unverified Software: Before downloading and installing new software, especially from lesser-known sources, always take the time to research the application. Seek out reviews from reputable sources and check for any reports of malicious activity relating to the software.
  • Keep Your Security Software Updated: Ensure that your antivirus and anti-malware programs are always up to date. Regularly scan your system for potential threats, particularly after installing new applications. Updated security software can detect, quarantine and delete the latest malware threats before they can take hold of your system.
  • Monitor for Unusual Activity: Always be mindful of any suspicious activity on your networks, such as unusual drops in performance, unfamiliar programs executing, or unauthorized access to your accounts. If you notice signs such as these, there’s a chance that your network has been breached.

For more ways to secure and optimize your business technology, contact your local IT professionals.

Read More

Malicious Chrome Extensions Threaten Millions

Bard AI Chat, ChatGPT, Cyber Attack, Facebook Ads, Google Chrome, Google Meet, malware, Ophtek, Phishing, , , , , , ,
04
Feb 2025

A recent cyberattack has compromised several popular Google Chrome extensions, infecting millions of users with data-stealing malware.

In early January 2025, cybersecurity researchers at Extension Total discovered a malicious campaign targeting Chrome extensions which offer AI services. The threat actors hijacked at least 36 extensions – including Bard AI Chat, ChatGPT for Google Meet, and ChatGPT App – with approximately 2.6 million users affected. This widespread attack has raised the alarm among users and software developers as, previously, these extensions were highly trusted.

With 3.45 billion people using Chrome as their browser, it’s no surprise that threat actors would target it. This attack is especially ingenious, so we’re going to take a deep dive into it.

How Were the Chrome Extensions Compromised?

The affected extensions may be named after popular AI tools like Bard and ChatGPT, but they are third-party applications with no development from Google or OpenAI. Third-party extensions can, of course, be legitimate, but these compromised extensions were far from helpful. Instead, they were used to deliver fake updates containing malware.

The malware was designed to steal sensitive user information, specifically targeting data related to Facebook Ads accounts. Therefore, this posed a significant threat to businesses which rely on Facebook for marketing and sales. With this stolen data, the threat actors could use it for unauthorized access, financial and identity theft, or to fuel phishing attacks.

In response to the attack, many of the affected extensions have been removed from the Chrome Store to limit further infections. However, others remain available, exposing users to the malware. Chrome, as we’ve already mentioned, is hugely popular with around 130,000 extensions are available to install. The risk of a security incident, as you would imagine, is high; this recent attack underscores the importance of practicing vigilance when installing extensions.

Staying Safe from Rogue Chrome Extensions

Browser extensions are designed to help users by enhancing functionality and making everyday browsing easier. However, this recent attack has also demonstrated that they’re a security risk. Ophtek wants to keep you safe from similar attacks, so we’ve put together our top tips for protecting your PC from rogue extensions:

  • Install Extensions from Trusted Sources: you should only ever download extensions from reputable developers and official web stores. Before hitting that install button, always carry out some research on the developer, read user reviews, and check ratings to assess how legitimate it is.
  • Limit Extension Permissions: extensions often require permissions to function correctly on your PC but be very careful of any extension which requests a long list of permissions e.g. access to browsing data, microphone control, and cookies. You should only ever grant permissions to what is necessary for the extension to operate. If in doubt of a permission request, seek help from an IT professional.
  • Update Extensions: always ensure your extensions are kept up to date, as developers often release patches to fix security vulnerabilities. Regularly check for updates and keep an eye out for any unusual browser behavior such as strange pop-ups, redirects to other sites, or performance issues. Additionally, if you have extensions you no longer use, remove these to reduce your exposure to risk

For more ways to secure and optimize your business technology, contact your local IT professionals.

Read More
1 2 3 … 21