Qbot is Back and Causing Digital Chaos Once Again 

malware, Ophtek, Qbot, Ransomware, spear phishing, , , ,
06
Jun 2023

It appears that you can’t keep a good piece of malware down as Qbot, first seen over 15 years ago, has reared its ugly head once again. 

Qbot was discovered in the late 2000s and, since then, has gone through numerous developments to keep pace with modern IT systems. Also known as Qakbot, this malware has strong capabilities to cause damage, a scenario which can be attributed to its longevity as a threat vector. Qbot has a habit of suddenly emerging after a period of inactivity and its most recent spike in activity was seen at the end of 2022. With a long history of stealing data and being used to deliver further malware, Qbot is a threat which could easily target your IT infrastructure. 

What Does Qbot Consist Of? 

Historically, and still to this day, Qbot has been used to steal login credentials by logging keystrokes and giving remote access to threat actors. Alongside this, it has also been used to download additional malware – such as ransomware – and hijacking email threads. Now, you may not be familiar with email hijacking, but it’s important you’re aware of what this is. 

Qbot is a sneaky piece of malware, and this is most readily demonstrated by its ability to hijack email threads. This is basically when it jumps into your email threads and messes with the messages. It does this to try and trick you into thinking you’re having a genuine conversation. This technique makes you more likely to click on a malicious link. It’s most effective in a work environment where people are used to communicating frequently via email. Qbot has been deploying this attach method regularly since 2020 and has been highly successful. 

How Much of a Threat is Qbot? 

Given its longevity, it should come as no surprise that Qbot is successful. However, Qbot is, in fact, the most prevalent malware currently active in the digital landscape. Therefore, you’re more likely to be infected by Qbot than any other piece of malware. It’s a serious feather in the cap for the developers behind Qbot’s latest incarnation, but it spells trouble for most PC users. This means it’s crucial that you know how to defend your IT systems. 

Staying Safe From Qbot 

The threat from Qbot is very real, but you can strengthen your IT defenses by employing the following best practices: 

  • Always install updates: make sure you install all updates as soon as they become available. Qbot thrives upon vulnerabilities in software, such as the Follina exploit, so keeping everything updated is an easy way to secure your network. It may feel time consuming for what is a small step, but allowing automatic updates ensures it makes a big difference in the long run.
  • Beware of phishing emails: email hijacking is very similar to spear phishing in that it attempts to trick your employees into clicking malicious links. Accordingly, you should you encourage your team to take their time and double-check emails for things like strange links and unusual writing styles. Even a quick 10-second check of an email will reduce your risk of being compromised. 
  • Backup: Qbot is often used to distribute ransomware and, as we know, ransomware can often rob you of your data. Often, it won’t even return your data if you pay the ransom fee. Therefore, protecting your data with regular and multiple backups is essential. With backups readily available, you will be able to navigate away from the threat actors and simply restore your data. 

For more ways to secure and optimize your business technology, contact your local IT professionals. 

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Linus Tech Tips Falls Victim to Session Hijack 

Linus Tech Tips, malware, Ophtek, Public WiFi, Session Hijack, social engineering, System Updates, , , , , ,
30
May 2023

Linus Sebastian, owner of popular YouTube channel Linus Tech Tips, has revealed how he woke at 3am in the morning to find his channel hacked. 
 
Linus Tech Tips is a YouTube channel which delivers technology-based content to over 15 million subscribers. Driven by Sebastian’s passion for technology, the channel has been running for 15 years and proven to be wildly successful. So, not surprisingly, it made a tempting target for hackers. As well as Linus Tech Tips, two other channels associated with Sebastian – TechLinked and Techquickie – were also compromised in this attack. 
 
While your organization may not run a YouTube channel, the method in which Linus Tech Tips was hacked could be applied to any IT system. Therefore, it’s crucial that we learn about session hijacking. 

What Happened to Linus Tech Tips

Alarm bells started ringing for Sebastian when he was woken at 3am to reports of his channels being hacked. New videos had been loaded and were being streamed as live events. But, far from being productions sanctioned by Sebastian, they were rogue videos featuring crypto scam videos apparently endorsed by Elon Musk. 

Desperately, Sebastian repeatedly tried to change his passwords, but it made no difference; the videos continued to be streamed. Sebastian was equally puzzled as to why the associated 2FA processes hadn’t been activated. Eventually, he discovered the attack was the result of session hijacking. 

A member of Sebastian’s team had downloaded what appeared to be a PDF relating to a sponsorship deal, but the file was laced with malware. Not only did the malware start stealing data, but it also retrieved session tokens. You may not be familiar with session tokens but, effectively, these are the authorization files which keep you logged into websites. So, when you return to that website, you don’t have to re-enter your login credentials each time. Unfortunately, for Sebastian, it gave the threat actors full and unauthorized access to his YouTube channels. 

How Do You Prevent Session Hijacking? 

Once it had been established that compromised session tokens were behind the breach, YouTube was able to swiftly secure Sebastian’s channels. Nonetheless, the ease with which the threat actors managed to bypass login credentials and 2FA is troubling. This means it’s vital you follow these best practices to protect against session hijacking: 

  • Understand what malware is: the attack on Linus Tech Tips was the result of malware and social engineering combining to deliver a sucker punch. Accordingly, educating your staff through comprehensive and regular refresher courses should be a priority. This will allow your staff to identify threats before they are activated and protect your IT systems from being compromised. 

For more ways to secure and optimize your business technology, contact your local IT professionals. 


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GoDaddy Was Hacked for Three Years Straight

breach, Go Daddy, Hacking, malware, Ophtek, Web hosting, , , , ,
18
Apr 2023

In an admission which will severely damage their reputation, web hosting force GoDaddy has revealed its servers were under attack for several years.

With a userbase of 21 million users, GoDaddy is one of the major players when it comes to providing web hosting services. Given this popularity, GoDaddy’s servers are used by major organizations all over the world such as news outlets, bloggers and e-commerce brands to deliver content and services. And this means there’s a lot of data on the GoDaddy servers, data which is both confidential and valuable. Therefore, to a threat actor, it provides an irresistible target.

Due to the GoDaddy breach, and the business world’s reliance on websites, it’s crucial we understand the mechanics of this stealthy threat.

What Happened to GoDaddy?

The GoDaddy breach first came to its owner’s attentions in December 2022, but it soon became apparent this breach was related to similar breaches in November 2021 and October 2019. However, far from being isolated incidents, these attacks were all part of the same campaign and remained hidden within the IT infrastructure of GoDaddy.

The most recent attack, in December 2022, found the cPanel hosting servers used by GoDaddy customers compromised by threat actors. This gave the attackers full access to the settings involved in how the customers’ websites work and direct traffic. As a result of this breach, visitors to the affected websites were intermittently redirected to malicious websites. Although there is no evidence that it occurred, unauthorized access to the cPanel would also give the threat actors the opportunity to disable access to a website.

What if Your Website is Hosted by GoDaddy?

Given that the initial attacks on GoDaddy’s servers compromised login credentials and secure SSL keys for websites, the latest attack is highly embarrassing for GoDaddy. After all, which organization would want to align themselves with a web host whose servers had regularly been hacked? Nonetheless, GoDaddy has sought to reassure customers that their infrastructure is now secure and security has been enhanced.

Naturally, customers using GoDaddy’s services are going to remain wary, so it’s important they:

  • Change your password: if you’re a GoDaddy customer, it’s recommended you change your password. In fact, regardless of which web hosting service you use, it’s important that you regularly change your password to avoid falling victim to stolen login credentials.
  • Assess your website: due to the access which the GoDaddy breach gave the threat actors, it makes sense to go through your website and ensure nothing is amiss. For example, are your links still directing traffic to where they should be? And are there any unusual popups prompting visitors to “click here”? It may take time to complete a full sweep of your website, but it will be worth it to protect your brand and your customers.

For more ways to secure and optimize your business technology, contact your local IT professionals.

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Malware Makes Its Way into Search Engine Ads

Google, google ads, malware, Online Security, Ophtek, , , ,
11
Apr 2023

Search engines are the gateway to the internet, but there’s a very real chance they may just be serving up malware each time you use them.

We all use search engines on a daily basis – with Google being the most popular choice – and, to be honest, we probably take them for granted in terms of security. However, the FBI is now warning that search engine results may represent a significant threat to the security of your PC. As with most security threats, this new technique relies on deception; in this instance, the threat actors are harnessing the power of search engine advertisements.

Due to our reliance on search engines, it’s important we understand the nature of this latest threat. And, to help you protect your IT infrastructure, we’re going to take you through the basics of this attack.

Malware by Advertising

Whenever you put a search request into, for example, Google, you will receive a long list of search results. The higher a result is, the more clicks it’s likely to get from people searching for that term. Search engines understand the importance of ranking high in their results and, therefore, they make it possible for people to pay to advertise at the very top of the search results. These advertisements look almost identical to the organic search results, with only a small “Ad” tag next to them. Accordingly, these can easily be mistaken for organic search results.

Despite many of these advertisements being legitimate, and merely paying to skip to the top of the search results page, the FBI has discovered many of these advertisements are linked to malware. Threat actors are purchasing advertising space which appears to be for genuine companies, such as finance platforms, and using very similar URLs to tempt people into clicking their link. However, these links are simply a way to redirect people to sites looking to distribute malware. Worse still, the advertisements used will often display a URL to a genuine site, but redirect you to an altogether different site.

Stay Safe from Fake Ads

The last thing you want to do is fall victim to a fake ad, after all you may simply be searching for somewhere to go and have lunch. Therefore, it pays to stay safe and know how to protect yourself from fake search engine ads. You can do this by practicing the following:

  • Check that top result: remember, it’s important you know what you’re clicking on, so make sure you double check any results at the top of Google. While, for example, it may look like a search result for Bank of America, the actual URL within the result may be slightly different e.g bank0famerica.com. And, if you click on it, you could quickly find yourself on a malicious site.
  • Block Google ads: it’s possible to block Google ads from appearing in the search engine results page, all you have to do is install an ad-blocker such as Blockzilla. These apps filter incoming web pages – including search engines – and ensure any intrusive ads or promoted posts are blocked.

For more ways to secure and optimize your business technology, contact your local IT professionals.

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IceBreaker Malware Uses New Social Engineering Angle

Gambling, Gamers, IceBreaker, malware, Ophtek, social engineering, , , , ,
04
Apr 2023

Social engineering has been a threat for some time, so threat actors have been looking for new ways to deceive PC users. And this is what IceBreaker does.

A backdoor threat, IceBreaker is a new malware variant whose origins are currently unknown. However, regardless of who’s behind IceBreaker, the fact remains that it’s a very real and dangerous threat to PC users. Currently, IceBreaker’s presence has mostly been observed in the gaming and gambling industries. The chances of IceBreaker moving into other industries is, as ever, highly likely.

It’s early days for IceBreaker – with the malware’s first detection coming in September 2022 – so it’s high time you get acquainted with it and put up your defenses.

What is IceBreaker?

As with all social engineering attacks, IceBreaker starts with a threat actor directly contacting an organization they have targeted. This contact is initiated through a live chat session, usually hosted on the organization’s website. Posing as a customer who is having technical problems, the threat actor eventually offers to send the chat agent a screenshot of the problem they are experiencing.

This screenshot – usually hosted on a fake website (or sometimes DropBox) – appears to be a .jpg file but is actually a .zip file. Contained within this .zip file is a shortcut file which, once clicked, downloads the IceBreaker malware. Cleverly, the shortcut file is still disguised as a picture file to deceive the target. Clicking this shortcut will not only download IceBreaker but also install and activate it, all without any user prompts.

With IceBreaker activated, the threat actor can use the malware’s JavaScript processes to conduct a number of attacks. Processes observed in attacks so far have included data harvesting, activating background processes and running scripts from remote locations to maximize the damage. So, as you can tell, IceBreaker is a significant problem.

How Do You Tackle IceBreaker?

Currently, one of the major problems with the IceBreaker attack is that many anti-malware tools fail to recognize it as dangerous. In fact, as of this time of writing, VirusTotal reports only 4 out of 60 scanners will detect IceBreaker. However, this doesn’t mean you can’t protect yourself from IceBreaker and similar attacks, just make sure you do following:

  • Combat social engineering: your staff need to be educated on the dangers of social engineering, even those who are simply manning your live chat. Clicking links from unknown parties is a major no-no when it comes to cybersecurity and should never be considered. Even if the person urging your staff member to click a link which appears harmless, it could easily compromise your entire IT infrastructure.

For more ways to secure and optimize your business technology, contact your local IT professionals.

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